Issue Of Reservation And Article 15 And 16 Of Constitution

The connection between article 14, 15 and 16 are individual-centric, guarantee formal equality. These articles work against some issue of reservation and particular identity-based classifications.

Whereas clauses (3) to (5) of Article 15 and Article 16 plan to promote substantive equality. These exemptions provide a mechanism for positive discrimination in favor of the grossly under-represented and neglected sections of their society.

In-State of Madras v. Champakam Dorairajan, Supreme Court held that Madras governments decision to supply caste-based reservation in government jobs and college seats was in breach of Article 16 (2) of the Indian Constitution.

This judgment resulted in the 1st constitutional amendment in 1951, resulting in the introduction of the Art. 15 (4).